Q: What is the most common mistake that Japanese English learners tend to make?
A: I think the one most teachers would think of immediately is “challenge”. 99% of the time, when a student uses the word “challenge”, what they really need is the word “try”. Here are some examples:
Ex.
I will challenge the test next week!
I am going to challenge hiking Mt Fuji.
“Challenge”, as a verb, means to ask someone to battle you or compete against you. We often picture old fashioned men with swords, saying “I challenge you to a duel!” when we hear this word. So let’s look at those example sentences again, now that we understand the most common meaning of “challenge”:
Ex.
I will duel (sword fight) the test next week!
I am going to battle hiking Mt. Fuji.
Doesn’t work, does it? Do you have a funny mental image? Instead, let’s look at these sentences with “try”:
Ex.
I will try to take the test next week.
I am going to try to hike up Mt. Fuji.
“Try” makes much more sense, and doesn’t give us a funny mental image. Native English speakers tend to use “challenge” in noun form most commonly, and sometimes in adjective form. Take a look at the following examples:
Ex.
That test was really a challenge! (Noun – a difficult task)
I decided to accept my boss’ challenge and increase my sales. (Noun – a task that tests your abilities)
This hike is super challenging! The hiking trail is steeper than I expected! (Adjective – A test of one’s abilities)
(和訳)
Q: 日本人学習者が最もやってしまう英語の間違いは?
A: たいていの先生が真っ先に思いつくのが challenge だと思うわ。99パーセント tryとしなくちゃいけないところをchallengeとしてしまうの。例をあげます。
誤っている例:
I will challenge the test next week!
I am going to challenge hiking Mt Fuji.
動詞のchallengeは、だれかに戦いや競争を挑むことを意味するの。私たちはこの言葉を聞くとだいたい、刀を差した昔の人が「お前に決闘を申し込む!」と言っている様子が目に浮かぶわ。さてchallengeの基本的な意味がわかったところで、上の例文を見てみましょう。
別の言葉で言い換えた例:
I will duel (sword fight) the test next week!
私は来週テストに(刀での)決闘を申し込む!
I am going to battle hiking Mt. Fuji.
私は富士山登頂と戦う予定だ。
ナンセンスよね? おかしなイメージが浮かぶでしょう? それではtryを使ったこちらの文を見てみましょう。
例:
I will try to take the test next week.
(来週、そのテストを受けてみる)
I am going to try to hike up Mt. Fuji.
(富士山登頂に挑戦する)
tryの方が理にかなっていて、私たちはおかしなイメージを思い浮かべないわ。ネイティブスピーカーがchallengeを使うときはたいてい名詞だけど、形容詞として使うときもあるわ。次の例を見てみましょう。
例:
That test was really a challenge! (Noun – a difficult task)
あのテストは本当に困難だった(名詞として:難しいこと)
I decided to accept my boss’ challenge and increase my sales. (Noun – a task that tests your abilities)
私は上司が課した仕事を受け入れ、自分の売り上げを伸ばした。(名詞として:その人の能力を試す仕事)
This hike is super challenging! The hiking trail is steeper than I expected! (Adjective – A test of one’s abilities)
この山登りはとてもやりがいがある!登山道は思っていたより急だった。(形容詞として:その人の能力を試すこと)